Can you run Python on Android without Termux?

Short answer

Yes. PocketCode ships a built-in Python interpreter (CPython 3.12 running as WebAssembly) — no Termux, no package installs, nothing to compile. Open a .py file, tap Run, and it executes on-device with the standard library. Termux hands you a Linux shell to set Python up yourself; PocketCode has it ready the moment you install. It is a scripting environment: most of the standard library is included, but there is no pip, no threads or subprocesses, and network access is off unless you turn on "Allow network in WASM engines" in the Run with arguments dialog (Ctrl+F5).